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We will have a set of voltages from 0 to 5V in a set of discrete states with 0.625V increments: Where n is the number of bits in the AD converter.Īnalog quantization size: Q=(Vmax-Vmin)/N = (5V – 0V)/8 = 0.625V. The number of possible states that the converter can output is: N= 2 n Quantizing which is basically to break down analog value in a set set of finite states To convert an analog signal to digital format, we have two main steps to process:ġ. If the output voltage is higher than 5V, a method to step it down should be used such as a voltage divider with resistors.
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This can enable a PIC to be connected to analog sensors such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, humidity sensors, optical sensors, and power sensors.Īny sensor which can generate a voltage between 0V and a maximum 5V can be used. These analog to digital converters allow analog continuous voltages to be converted into a discreet digital numbers inside the PIC as the PIC can only process digital numbers. The PIC18F4620 (40 pins) has 13 built in ADC channels, the PIC18F2620 (28 pins) has 10 built in ADC channels, the PIC18F1220 (18 pins) has 7 built in ADC channels etc. 0 or 1, on or off.Įxample : A switch can be either on or off. Thermometer: The mercury liquid inside the thermometer rises as temperature risesĬar Speedometer: Needle of a car speedometer moves farther right as you accelerateĪudio Amplifier: The volume of an audio amplifier increases as you turn the knob.ĭigital Signals: Have only two states. Most of PIC microcontrollers today have built-in analog to digital converters (ADC) with the number of channels depending on the number of pins a particular microcontroller have.Īnalog signals: Directly measurable quantities in terms of some other quantity